Process for casting cylindrical bodies



March 26, 1929- T. wEYMERsKlRcH ET AL 1,707,152

PROCESS FOR CASTING CYLINDRICAL BODIES Filed April 23, 1926 Sheets-Sheet l KE -n March 26, 1929.

T. WEYMERSKIRCH ET AL PROCESS FOR CASTING CYLINDRIGAL BODIES Filed April 23, 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 March 26, 1929. T. WEYMERSKIRCH ET AL 1,707,152

PROCESS FOR CASTING CYLINDRICAL BODIES Filed ril 25, 1926 4 Sheet-Sheet 3 97 f/g 2 I/ Je /'g /4 March Z6, 1929. T. wEYMERsKlRc'H-l ET AL u1,707,152

PROCESS FOR CASTING CYLINDRICAL BODIES Filed April 23, 1926 V 4 Sheets-Sheet 4:

Patented Mar. 26, 1929.

UNITED STATES i rnnonon'wiimnnsxmcn, or

` or Dennis,-

' rnocnss non casarme- -appiication inea april aa, ieee, semi no.

' into each other and whichare maintained in position during the casting operation by means ot bolts'A or similar devices, the said rings being l:treed by an operator when the. casting shrinks, in order to allow the rings to follow the shrinkage movement. This handling takes place by moving conveniently the setting devices otfthe frames to which the rings are secured. v As the loosening of the )rings is made un der man supervision and by hand, it is not certain that it always occurs yat the right time: that is in such a way as to insure free shrinkage of the metal cast in; very -often `indeed'the regular moment has elapsed and\ it occurs tha-tA the shrinkage of the `casting is impeded and consequently it results that rings and casting break in several pieces.

For preventing the above causes of failure, the present invention Ahas been devised; it utilizes the edects upon the mold of metal expansion and contraction, accompanying the phenomenon of its solidiication (after it is cast in). It Ais well known, indeed, that different phases characterize the new physical stateof cast metal when itbecomes solid. rlhere comes first the` phase of expansion (corresponding for iron to the separation of `carbon under the form'of free graphite) then a phase, very short,when"the,volume does not change, followed by the contraction phase, during which shrinkage occurs. Each-one of these successive phases can be of variousl butshort duration: thence, the difficulty after casting v.chilled 'rolls in chill rings mold, of a quick and accurate modus operandi for slackening at proper time the-mold system, if such modus operandi does not take care of thevalues otexpam sion and shrinkage, which are at variance almost in each case owing to certain conditions ai'ecting elements like: composition of the metal, casting temperature, speed of cooling,'etc.- Itlmust beremarked-that owin to their contact with the very hot roll,

chill rings molds .are also subjected to more vlm/left.ENT

nirrnnninenn, LUXEMBURG, un Louis cnavanrnn.

FRANCE.

crnmnnronn nomas.

ioaiea aaa ia aernaay april au, reta simultaneous freedom4 oit each chill ring; consequently,flinking and setting devices ot the chill rings such as link bars or rods., wedges, etc., should be so made, arranged and combined together'with the rings, that they sustain the effects ot expansion or ot shrinkage (or 'of both) of the roll, and that under said action they shall be disengaged,

disconnected', removed or thrown out, either automatically or semi-automatically and as those Ieillectsproceedf thus insuring simultaneously the freedom ot the rings which then couldV not impede, in any case, the movements of the roll.

As previously the mould is formed olf a series-ot superimposed sized, rings which,

as known, arejointed on their inner surface by rings and are centrally maintained and axially guided by embedded circular rings or bands, linking devices being interposed between two consecutive mould rings ythe tension oit which may be varied in order 'to provide an appropriate relative position ot the mould arts.

The lin ing .devices are provided with means for insuring a quick and reliable treein'g of the mould before `the casting. expands and the said reein takes place according to the invention hal? automaticallyy or auto-y matically during the period ot'expansion by means of the movements of the mould. itself.

Sti

The invention allows ot casting groove'd v rolls with agreat degree of precision and with certainty.

The accompanying tdrawings `show by way of example various embodiments ot the invention.'

In these drawings:

Fig-1 shows a diametrical section ot a mold according to this invention.

Fig. 2,*is'a portion ot a side view ot the device shown in Fig. 'ljwith the slackening device and an electrical alarm device.

Fig. shows at a larger scale a cross sec-" tion throught a linking device of Figs. l and 2.

Figs. 4: to 26 showmdifications.

As shown in Figs. l to the mould com- `eral partsin order to follow the expansion of aJ fresh cast roll. To that purpose plays 4 are provided between ,the parts of the 4 mould. These plays areobtained by means of linking devices 5 such as excentric bolts, taper-screw'bolts, .taper-chocks or t-he like. These linking devices are intended to act betweentwo moulding pieces in such a way that each moulding piece acts on a rest for the next one.

l In order to prevent the molten iron from i entering ,the plays the mould pieces are pro-v vided with recesses 6 vin which or an oil core is placed. The recesses 6 are funnel sh'al'ied towards the outside which gives the ringqan opportunity to follow the'movements of the mould pieces and to penetrate in the space 8. These rings 7 may -be made very broad or very narrow as they are' not submitted t-o any pressure by the mould pieces. l

Vhen ybuilding the mould the linking pieces 5 of the,mould parts are placed in a convenient manner. Unevennesses may be 'avoided by accurately placing the linking pieces 5. The linkingpieces are cona sand ring nected by means-of appropriate devices such as transmission rods 9 Je,9,`10, 11,. 12, 15, 17, 19 ma 21) which are carried v.and maintained in position by a ringflO. The said ring is advantageously (Figs. 1, 2, 5,

located at the upper part ofthe mould in order oto be J'used simultaneously for a great numberof moulding rings depending from a common upper mould part.

The controlling `device may be realized by waysof example in the form of a ring.

10 located around the mould part 1 and movable on 'rollers 1.1. The transmission rods 9-provided with ,roller 12and weights 13 rest on this ring 10.` p

When the muldis to` be slackened the ring 10 .is drawn towards4 the right of Fig. 2A by means of a hook 14, from which it results that the transmission rods 9 come down owing to their own weight and to the Weight of the Weights 13.

effect of Islackening 'the rlinking devices through the levers 15 (Figs. 1, 2) or the pinions 15 4-6). f'lhe downward movement of the rods 9 is limited by buffers 16 (Figs. 1, 2).' .e

In order to avoid any shock in the down'- ward movements of the rods 9, the ring 10 is provided with inclined planes 17 (Fig. 2) lon'whi'ch the rollers 12 of 'the rods 9 come down gently. v `The linking device shown on Fig. 3 is formed of an oval or exeentric bolt 18 which acts between two bearings' 19 carried by the mould, rings.

This has the" On Figs. 4 and 5 the linking devices are 'taper-thread bolts 20 acting between two threaded wedges 2l locatedrthemsclves between two wedges 22 23, the mould rings 24 having also tapering upper and lower surfaces. The bolts 20 are rotated by means of the pinions 15 acted upon bylracks carriedby the rods 9.

On Figs. 6, 7 and 8 a linking device is shown as mader of three wedges 26, 27, 28 thewedge 28 being drawn outwardly by the excentric pinion 15 meshing with the rack of the rod 9. y y

On Fig. 9 the linking devices comprise wedges 29 and 30, the latter being moved outwardly by a lever 31, 32 linked to the rod 9 by an arm 15.

'OnFig 10the wedges 29, 30 are replaced by a roller or a `ball 33 and on Fig. '11 the lever 32 is provided with a hinged piece 34.

The mould rings are guided by embedded rings 35 (Fig. 10) or by 'iron pieces 36 or rings 36. These rings 36 are provided with a the lin ing devices are placed and also with apertures 38 in order to allow the gases to iescape.

An electric alarm device may b e proertures 37 (Fig. 16) through which vided in order to give'notice of the time at which the mould ought to be slackencd (F For this purpose the expansion oit the pig ,iron and consequently of the mouldis used. l` r`As shown in Fig. 2 the 'upper part 1 of the mould is connected to the contact 39 of an electrical bell 40. When the mould expands axially the contact 39 touches the fixed ycontact piece 41 and the bell rings gives notice that the mould lought to be slackened.

The slackening of the rmould may be entirely Lof velectromagnets 42 (Fig. 12) 'coupled by links 44 to the 'rods 9 and worked by an electric current supplied by means of a relay 48, 49, 50, 51 inI which eurrent is sent by the contacts 46, 47. An interruptor 54 acted upon by the finger 53 cuts the current from the magnets 43 when the linking devicesl .I have worked. y

As lshown in Figs. 13 and 14 the electromagnets 55 may act directly on the linking 'devices (left part of the figure) or the electromagnets 58 may act simultaneously on a grooved bar 58. to which the linking dcvices 57 are secured. 1

' Instead of being moved by electricity the rods 9 can be moved, as on Fig. 15, by means of a i'luid under pressureactlng 'in a cylinder 71 through a cock 70 open by a piston 69 Iunder which pressure fluid is admitted in 68 through 67 by means of a valve 66 lifted b the mould acting on the rod 64 and the bu 'er 65. The fluidl is admitted from a main 59 to the valve through 61, 62 and 63 Iand to the cylinder 71 through 60.

automatically done either by means llO n Fig. 1G the device for slackening the mould parts is similar as the one shown in Figs. 1 and 2 but the ring 10 is moved through an arm 14 by a rod 74 the collar 80 oi' which is pushed by a spring 79, located lin a cylinder 73, when the arrest 7 5 is repelled by the expanding mould through 64 and liberales the notch 78 of the rod 74. A pinion 77 worked by hand allows the device to be replaced in operating position. Contacts as 81 and 82 may be carried by the rod 74 and by the cylinder 73 in order to electrically actuate eleetromagnets such as the ones shown on Fig. 12.

Figs. 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 and 22 show other means ot actuating the linking devices of the mould parts. 0n Figs. 17, 18 and 19, a

single rod 9 acts on tivo pairs of linking boltsI 80 turning between bearings'84, 85, by means of transverse bars normally locked by locks 89, 92 acting on recesses 91 and 92. Un Fig. 20 the bolt 8G is replaced by two wedges 93 brought together or apart by the threaded rod 94. On Figs. 21 and 22 the linking devices 57 are moved by rollers 100 and inclined planes 99 carried by the stem 97 thc rollers 100 being rotatably mounted on a slide 98.

0n Figs. 23, 24 and 25 the linking devices 57 are carried by rods 101 hinged on cranks 102 secured on rods 9 provided, with pinions 15 meshing with toothed segments 107 mounted on a ring rotatable around the lower part 3 of the mould. This ring is rotated by an electro-magnet 103, a rod 104 and a socket 105. The electro-magnet is supplied with current by the contacts 46, 47 and the relays 48, 49, 50, 51, 52. A bell 40 is also provided as previously explained. The current in the electro-magnet is cut by the finger 53 acting on the interruptor 54. A lever 108 allows of operating the device by hand or replacing it in its original position.

I/t is obvious that the` linking devices may be placed between sockets provided on the mould rings instead o being/located between said rings.

Moreover, the main feature of the present invention, that is the self-slackening of the composite ring mold, provoked automatically or semi-automatically by the motion of the casting at the right time during the early period of the solidification ofits metal, is

i also essential as'v previously explained for preventing distortions or even breakage of the mold members and of the cast body.

The tools, apparatus, devices, their various arrangements and combinations with the chill ring such as hereinbefore described, fully answer the purpose of the invention; however, they are given here only as mere illustrations of various forms of suitable means for carrying out the process and we do not intend to limit to it the means illustrated.

What we claim is 1. A process for casting cylindrical bodies in a mold formed by a plurality of mold members which includes maintaining the mold members in predetermined positions during the casting operation, and inv employing the change in volume of the casting, during the period of solidification of the same, to release said mold members, thereby permitting the cast body to freely contract withoutl breaking or distortion of said mold members.

2. A process for' casting cylindrical bodicS in a mold formed by a plurality of mold members which are maintained in predetermined spaced relation by linking devices, which 'includes positively retaining said mold members in a predetermined position during the casting operation, and moving said linking devices by the axial, expansive movement of the cast body, during the solidi iiication period thereof, to free said mold members from said predetermined position.

3. A process for casting cylindrical bodies in a mold formed by a plurality of superimposed mold members, which includes posi-4 tively maintaining the mold members in spaced apart relation during the casting operation, and in employing the change in volume of the casting, during the period of solidiiication of the same, for actuating signal means to give notice of the axial movement of said mold members.

4. A process for casting cylindrical bodies in a mold formed of a plurality of mold members which are maintained in spaced relation by linking devices, which consists in maintaining said linking devices stationary during the casting operation to prevent relative movement of the mold members, moving said linking devices by the change in volume of the casting, during the solidification period, to permit relative movement of the mold members and simultaneously 'employing said change in volumeto actuate a signal device. N

5. A method for controlling a plurality of mold members employed in casting cylin drical bodies which consists in holding said members in spaced relation during the casting operation, and employing the change in volume of the metal casting, during the period of solidification of the same2 to release said mold members, thereby permitting free contraction of the casting.

In testimony whereof we have alxed our signatures.

Louis cHAvANNE. THEoDon WEYMERSKIRCH.

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